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general description the max44286 is a zero-drift, high-side current-sense amplifier family that offers precision, low supply cur - rent and is available in a tiny 4-bump ultra-thin wlp of 0.78mm x 0.78mm x 0.35mm footprint. this miniature size is of paramount for todays applications in smartphones, mobile accessories, notebooks, portable medical, and all battery-operated portable devices where current monitor - ing with precision and space are critical. the max44286 has voltage output offered in four gain versions of 25v/v, 50v/v, 100v/v, and 200v/v. these four gain versions offer flexibility in the choice of the sense resistor and the very low input offset voltage helps in detecting small currents on the orders of low micro - amps. low power capability also offers the possibility of minimizing power dissipation. the max44286 operates with a supply voltage range of 1.6v to 5.5v over the -40 c to +85 c temperature range and from 1.8v to 5.5v over the -40c to +125c automotive temperature range. supply voltage for the device is shared with the rs+ pin to fit the max44286 in a 4-bump, ultra-thin wlp package. applications power management systems portable/battery-powered systems smartphones mobile accessories portable medical notebook computers and tablets features and beneits ultra-low input offset voltage and tiny gain error allow sense resistor to detect tiny currents (na) ? 30v (max) offset voltage ? 0.23% (max) gain accuracy low current consumption saves power ? 12.5a i cc for 200khz gain bandwidth space-saving 4-bump wlp package ? 0.78mm x 0.78mm x 0.35mm industry-leading low-power supply range ? 1.6v to 5.5v input common mode four gain options offer flexibility in sense resistor selection ? g = 25v/v (max44286t) ? g = 50v/v (max44286f) ? g = 100v/v (max44286h) ? g = 200v/v (max44286w) ordering information appears at end of data sheet. for related parts and recommended products to use with this part, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/max44286.related . p r g r a r b b2 b1 gnd max44286 a2 rs- r sense rs+ i load r in a1 out max1655 adc gnd load c v dd = 3.3v gnd v bat 0.1f gnd gnd max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense amplifier 19-7369; rev 0; 11/14 typical application circuit evaluation kit available downloaded from: http:///
rs+, rs- to gnd .................................................... -0.3v to +6v out to gnd ............................................ -0.3v to (v rs + +0.3)v rs+ to rs- .............................................................. -0.3v to +6v short-circuit duration (out to any other pins) ....... continuous continuous input current (any pin) ................................. 20ma continuous power dissipation (t a = +70c) wlp (derate 9.7mw/c above +70c) ........................ 776mw operating temperature range ......................... -40c to +125c junction temperature ...................................................... +150c storage temperature range ............................ -65c to +150c soldering temperature (reflow) ....................................... +260c wlp junction-to-ambient thermal resistance ( ja ) ........ 103c/w (note 1) (v rs+ = v rs- = 3.6v, v sense = 0v, t a = -40c to +125c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25c.) (note 2) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units supply current i s t a = +25c 12.5 17 a -40c < t a < +125c 20 common-mode input range v cm guaranteed by cmrr, -40c < t a < +125c 1.8 5.5 v guaranteed by cmrr, -40c < t a < +85c 1.6 5.5 common-mode rejection ratio/ power-supply rejection ratio cmrr, psrr 1.8v < v rs+ < 5.5v, v sense = 10mv 120 100 db 1.6v < v rs+ < 5.5v, -40c < t a < +85c, v sense = 10mv 120 100 input offset voltage (note 3) v os t a = +25c 7 30 v -40c < t a < +125c 50 input offset voltage drift (note 3) tcv os 40 300 nv/c gain g max44286t 25 v/v max44286f 50 max44286h 100 max44286w 200 gain error (note 4) ge t a = +25c 0.1 0.23 % -40c < t a < +125c 0.25 input bias current rs- i rs- 0.02 1 na capacitive loading c l no sustained oscillations 400 pf out low voltage v ol sink current = 300a 30 65 mv sink current = 0a 3 15 max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 2 note 1: package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in jedec specification jesd51-7, using a four-layer board. for detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial . absolute maximum ratings stresses beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. these are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. package thermal characteristicselectrical characteristics downloaded from: http:///
(v rs+ = v rs- = 3.6v, v sense = 0v, t a = -40c to +125c, unless otherwise noted. typical values are at t a = +25c.) (note 2) note 2: all devices are 100% production tested at t a = +25c. all temperature limits are guaranteed by design. note 3: guaranteed by design. note 4: gain error is calculated by applying two values of v sense for each gain: g = 25: v sense = 4mv and 120mv g = 50: v sense = 2mv and 60mv g = 100: v sense = 1mv and 30mv g = 200: v sense = 0.5mv and 15mv (v rs+ = v rs- = 3.6v, v sense = 0v, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) parameter symbol conditions min typ max units out high voltage v rs+ - v oh source current = 300a 28 50 mv source current = 0a 1 2 gain-bandwidth product gbw v sense = 20mv 200 khz slew rate sr ?v out = 2v p-p , c l = 100pf 0.08 v/s voltage noise density v n f = 1khz 66 nv/ hz output settling time t s 0.1% inal value, ?v out = 2v p-p 75 s power-up time t on 350 s -10 10 30 50 70 90 110 -40 -5 30 65 100 135 input bias current ( pa ) temperature ( c ) input bias current vs. temperature toc02 v cm = 5.5v v cm = 3v v cm = 1.8v 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 -40 -5 30 65 100 135 input offset voltage ( v ) temperature (c) input offset voltage vs. temperature toc03 v cm = 5.5v v cm = 3.6v v cm = 1.6v v cm = 1.8v 11.8 12 12.2 12.4 12.6 12.8 13 13.2 13.4 13.6 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 110 135 supply current ( a ) temperature (c) supply current vs. temperature toc01 v cm = 5.5v v cm =3v v cm =1.8v max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 3 electrical characteristics (continued) typical operating characteristics downloaded from: http:///
(v rs+ = v rs- = 3.6v, v sense = 0v, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) 112 114 116 118 120 122 124 126 128 -40 -5 30 65 100 135 common - mode rejection ratio ( db ) temperature ( c ) cmrr vs. temperature toc05 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 0 20 40 60 80 100 output voltage ( v ) v sense ( mv ) output voltage vs. input sense voltage toc06 v cm = 1.8v g = 25v/v g = 50v/v g = 100v/v g = 200v/v 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 0 50 100 150 200 250 output voltage ( v ) v sense ( mv ) output voltage vs. input sense voltage toc07 v cm = 5.5v g = 25v/v g = 50v/v g = 100v/v g = 200v/v 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 1 100 10000 1000000 gain (db) frequency (hz) ac response toc08 1e-09 1e-08 0.0000001 0.000001 0.00001 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 noise density ( nv/ hz) frequency (hz) input noise - voltage density toc9 66nv/ hz at 1khz 0.1hz to 10hz input noise 1v/div toc10 v outn -0.094 -0.092 -0.09 -0.088 -0.086 -0.084 -0.082 -40 -5 30 65 100 135 gain error ( % ) temperature ( c) gain error vs. temperature toc04 v cm = 5.5v v cm = 1.8v power- up time toc11 v out v rs + ~350 s to turn on 100s/div small - signal response (g = 25) toc12 v outn v inside v backup v out v sense 20mv p-p max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier maxim integrated 4 www.maximintegrated.com typical operating characteristics (continued) downloaded from: http:///
(v rs+ = v rs- = 3.6v, v sense = 0v, t a = +25c, unless otherwise noted.) large - signal response (g = 25) toc13 v outn v inside v backup v sense 100mv p-p v out small - signal response (g = 50) toc14 v outn v inside v backup v sense 10mv p-p v out large - signal response (g = 50) toc15 v outn v inside v backup v sense 50mv p-p v out small - signal response (g = 100) toc16 v outn v inside v backup v sense 5mv p-p v out large - signal response (g = 200) toc19 v outn v inside v backup v sense 10mv p-p v out 2v p-p large - signal response (g = 100) toc17 v outn v inside v backup v sense 20mv p-p v out small - signal response (g = 200) toc18 v outn v inside v backup v sense 2.5mv p-p v out 0.5v p-p max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier maxim integrated 5 www.maximintegrated.com typical operating characteristics (continued) downloaded from: http:///
bump name function a1 rs+ power-side connection to external sense resistor a2 rs- load-side connection to external sense resistor b1 gnd ground b2 out output rs+ gnd out rs- a1 a2 b1 b2 + top view wlp max44286 max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 6 pin description pin coniguration downloaded from: http:///
table 1. internal gain-setting resistors (typical values) part gain(v/v) r in (k?) r g (k?) r a (k?) r b (k?) max44286t 25 10 50 100 400 max44286f 50 10 50 50 450 max44286h 100 10 50 25 475 max44286w 200 10 50 12.5 487.5 p r g r a r b b2 b1 gnd max44286 a2 rs- rs+ r in a1 out max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 7 functional diagram downloaded from: http:///
detailed description the max44286 unidirectional high-side, current-sense amplifier family implements a unique autozeroing tech - nique to minimize the input offset voltage with close to zero offset drift over time and temperature. this technique achieves 7v (max) input offset voltage. the max44286 operates with the same supply and input common-mode voltage range from 1.6v to 5.5v without a need for an extra supply voltage terminal. this feature allows direct current monitoring of a battery voltage as low as +1.6v, and the part consumes only 12a (typ) through the rs+ input when there is no differential input voltage applied. the max44286 has an internal architecture that forces current through internal gain resistor r in depending on the magnitude of sense voltage drop across sense resis - tor. due to the effect of negative feedback, the voltage drop across r in is the same as the voltage drop across the sense resistor r sense . the current through r in is the same as the current through r g . the voltage across r g is then amplified through the gain-setting resistor r a and feedback resistor r b . the output voltage can be cal - culated based on the following equation: g b out sense in a r r vv 1 rr ? ?? ? = + ? ?? ? ? ?? ? applications information power supply, bypassing, and layout good layout technique optimizes performance by decreasing the amount of stray capacitance at the high- side, current-sense-amplifier, common-mode inputs and output. capacitive decoupling across the battery volt - age to gnd of 0.1f is recommended as shown in the typical application circuit . since the max44286 features ultra-low input offset voltage, board leakage, and ther - mocouple effects can easily introduce errors in the input offset voltage readings when used with high-impedance signal sources. for noisy digital environments, the use of a multilayer pcb with separate ground and power-supply planes is recommended. keep digital signals far away from the sensitive analog common mode inputs. choosing the sense resistor choose r sense based on the following criteria: voltage loss a high r sense value causes the power-source voltage to drop due to ir loss. for minimal voltage loss, use the lowest r sense value. out swing vs. v rs+ and v sense the max44286 is unique because the supply voltage is the input common-mode voltage (the average voltage at rs+ and rs-). there is no separate v cc supply voltage input. therefore, the out voltage swing is limited by the minimum voltage at rs+. v out(max) = v rs+(min) - v sense(fs) - v oh and: r sense = v out(max) /(gain x i load(max) ) accuracy in the linear region (v out < v out(max) ), there are two components to accuracy: input offset voltage (v os ) and gain error (ge). for the max44286, v os = 7v (max) and gain error is 0.15% (max). to calculate the total error, use the linear equation: v out = (gain ge) x v sense (gain x v os ) a high r sense value allows lower currents to be mea - sured more accurately because offsets are less significant when the sense voltage is larger. for extremely low input offset voltage and gain error that this part offers, this out - put voltage error is insignificant. full-scale sense voltage range v sense(fs) the gain error of the max44286 is production tested and guaranteed with v dd = 3.6v over a v sense range as shown in note 4 of the electrical characteristics table. it is important to note that a higher v sense range can be obtained if a higher v dd supply is available. the following equation applies: v sense(fs) = (v dd - 0.6)/gain for example, using the max44286f (for which g=50) at a v dd = 5.5v: v sense(fs) = (5.5 - 0.6)/50 = 98mv (i.e. full-scale linear range as measured on the sense resistor) eficiency and power dissipation at high current levels, the i 2 r losses in r sense can be significant. consider this when choosing the resistor value and its power dissipation (wattage) rating. also, the sense resistor value might drift if it is allowed to heat up exces - sively. the precision v os of max44286 allows to sense very low current using small sense resistors that reduce power dissipation and reduce hot spots. dynamic range of the current that can be sensed is improved with low v os and low sense resistors. max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 8 downloaded from: http:///
kelvin connections because of the high currents that flow through r sense , take care to eliminate parasitic trace resistance from causing errors in the sense voltage. either use a four terminal current-sense resistor or use kelvin (force and sense) pcb layout techniques. this is very important lay - out practice for any ultra-precision current-sense ampli - fiers. as shown in the typical application circuit , para - sitic trace resistance is eliminated by measuring the drop across sense resistor right across its terminals. optional output filter capacitor when designing a system that uses a sample-and-hold stage in the adc, the sampling capacitor momentarily loads out and causes a drop in the output voltage. if sampling time is very short (less than a microsecond), consider using a ceramic capacitor across out and gnd to hold v out constant during sampling. this also decreases the small-signal bandwidth of the current- sense amplifier and reduces noise at out. bidirectional application battery-powered systems may require a precise bidirec - tional current-sense amplifier to accurately monitor the batterys charge and discharge currents. measurements of the two max44286 separate outputs with respect to gnd yield an accurate measure of the charge and dis - charge currents ( figure 1 ). figure 1. bidirectional application r in r sense gnd rs- i charge v dd = 3.3v to wall/cube- charger d1 load a2 a1 rs+ rs- a2 a1 rs+ i load gnd gnd v 0.1f p r g r a r b outb2 gnd b1 gnd gnd b1 gnd r g r a r b outb2 ch1ch2 max11190 adc c max44286 max44286 p r in max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 9 downloaded from: http:///
+denotes a lead(pb)-free/rohs-compliant package. part temp range pin- package gain (v/v) max44286tazs+ -40c to +125c 4 wlp 25 max44286fazs+ -40c to +125c 4 wlp 50 MAX44286HAZS+ -40c to +125c 4 wlp 100 max44286wazs+ -40c to +125c 4 wlp 200 package type package code outline no. land pattern no. 4 wlp z40a0+1 21-0683 refer to application note 1891 max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier www.maximintegrated.com maxim integrated 10 package information for the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages . note that a +, #, or - in the package code indicates rohs status only. package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of rohs status. chip information process: cmos ordering information downloaded from: http:///
revision number revision date description pages changed 0 11/14 initial release maxim integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a maxim integrated product. no circuit patent licenses are implied. maxim integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and speciications without n otice at any time. the parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the electrical characteristics table are guaranteed. other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. maxim integrated and the maxim integrated logo are trademarks of maxim integrated products, inc. max44286 low-power, precision, 4-bump wlp, current-sense ampliier ? 2014 maxim integrated products, inc. 11 revision history for pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact maxim direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit maxim integrateds website at www.maximintegrated.com. downloaded from: http:///

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